Money-Market Rate for Euros Climbs to Seven-Week High

(Bloomberg) -- The cost of borrowing euros for three months rose to the highest level in seven weeks as the coordinated effort by central banks to revive lending falters.

The euro interbank offered rate, or Euribor, for the loans climbed 3 basis points to 4.43 percent today, the highest since Jan. 17, the European Banking Federation said. It was the biggest gain since Jan. 25.

The increase in money-market rates adds to evidence a concerted plan by central banks to promote lending and limit the fallout from the U.S. housing slump isn't working. Banks' asset writedowns and credit losses exceeded $181 billion since the beginning of 2007, data compiled by Bloomberg show. Total writedowns may top $600 billion, UBS said last week.

``This will continue to be the story for all 2008,'' said Nathalie Fillet, a senior interest-rate strategist at BNP Paribas SA in London. ``It's less a pure liquidity squeeze like at the end of last year than a reflection that the global credit crisis will last a while.''

Borrowing costs fell earlier this year after policy makers from the U.S., U.K., euro region, Switzerland and Canada announced plans on Dec. 12 to counter the credit shortage. The ECB injected a record $500 billion into the banking system on Dec. 18. The Federal Reserve provided $160 billion in short-term loans since mid-December in six auctions through the Term Auction Facility.

OIS Spread

The difference between the rate banks charge for one-month dollar loans in London relative to the overnight indexed swap rate, the so-called Libor OIS spread used by the Fed as the minimum bid level at its auctions, suggested a decline in the availability of funds. The spread increased to 54 basis points today, from 30 basis points in the week ended Feb. 22. It averaged 6 basis points in the first half of 2007 and 41 basis points since then.

Overnight indexed swaps are derivatives in which one party agrees to pay a fixed rate in exchange for receiving the average of a floating central bank rate over the life of the swap. For swaps based in U.S. dollars, the floating rate is the daily effective federal funds rate.

The difference, or spread, between the three-month money- market rate and the European Central Bank's benchmark rate was 43 basis points. It averaged 25 basis points in the first half of 2007.

``The leverage crunch is unlikely to disappear over the next few weeks,'' Stuart Thomson, a money manager who helps oversee $46 billion in bonds at Glasgow, Scotland-based Resolution Investment Management Ltd., said in an e-mailed note today.

 

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Oil Advances to Record $105.97 as Dollar Drops to All-Time Low

(Bloomberg) -- Crude oil rose to a record $105.96 a barrel in New York as the U.S. dollar fell to its lowest ever against the euro.

Gold and copper also advanced to all-time highs as the sinking dollar made commodities priced in the U.S. currency cheaper. Oil closed at a record yesterday after U.S. crude inventories fell for the first time in eight weeks and OPEC refrained from raising production.

``The reason we've gone above $105 is that the market is still focused on the weakness of the dollar,'' Olivier Jakob, managing director of Petromatrix Gmbh in Zug, Switzerland, said. ``It's going to take more signs of demand destruction around the world before oil stops gaining on the dollar.''

Crude oil for April delivery rose as much as $1.45, or 1.4 percent, to a $105.97 a barrel on the New York Mercantile Exchange, the highest since futures began trading in 1983. The contract traded for $105.15 at 1:11 p.m. in London.

Brent crude for April settlement rose as much as $1.31, or 1.3 percent, to match the $102.95 a barrel record previously set on March 3. The contract was at $102 on London's ICE Futures Europe exchange at 1:14 p.m. local time.

The euro climbed to $1.5347, the highest level since the single currency's debut in 1999, on speculation the European Central Bank will hold its key interest rate at a more than six- year high as the Federal Reserve keeps cutting its benchmark rate.

``If you think the dollar will weaken then you may choose to sell the dollar and go long commodities,'' said Harry Tchilinguirian, senior analyst at BNP Paribas SA in London. ``Robust fundamental outlooks, as in the case for oil, present potential to strongly offset the decline in the nominal value of the dollar.''

 

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European Stocks, U.S. Index Futures Decline; Asian Shares Rise

 (Bloomberg) -- European stocks fell for the third day this week and U.S. index futures declined on concern credit- market losses will widen at financial companies and record oil prices will curb airline earnings.

UBS AG sank to the lowest since 2003 after JPMorgan Chase & Co. said Europe's biggest bank probably sold $24 billion in holdings of mortgage-backed securities in a ``fire sale.'' Aegon NV, the second-largest Dutch insurer, lost the most in three weeks on a 26 percent drop in earnings. British Airways Plc had its steepest decline in a week, saying its profit margin will drop.

A rally in mining companies helped Asian stocks rise for the first time in six days, while U.S. index futures fell before a report that will probably show contracts to buy previously owned homes slipped in January for a third month.

``News from the financial industry brings a negative wind,'' said Laurent Vallee, who helps oversee $6.1 billion at Richelieu Finance in Paris. ``We remain cautious on financial stocks.''

Europe's Dow Jones Stoxx 600 Index lost 0.3 percent to 314.62 as of 12:45 p.m. in London. Futures on the Standard & Poor's 500 Index slipped 0.5 percent, while the MSCI Asia Pacific Index added 1.8 percent.

Stocks maintained their losses after the European Central Bank left its key interest rate unchanged. ECB President Jean- Claude Trichet is scheduled to brief reporters at 2:30 p.m. Frankfurt time. The Bank of England earlier kept its benchmark rate on hold.

The Stoxx 600 has lost 14 percent this year on concern the collapse of subprime mortgages and a slowdown in the U.S. economy will curb profit growth in Europe. UBS may have writedowns of about $18 billion after unloading 25 billion Swiss francs of mortgage-backed securities, according to JPMorgan.

Money Markets

Carlyle Capital Corp., which invests in AAA rated mortgage securities, failed to meet margin calls and said today it received a notice of default, while Thornburg Mortgage Inc., a U.S. specialist in adjustable-rate loans too big to be sold to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, also received a default notice on a $320 million loan.

The cost of borrowing euros for three months rose to the highest level in seven weeks, fueling concern a coordinated effort by central banks to limit the fallout from the U.S. housing slump and revive lending is faltering.

UBS dropped 2 percent to 31.6 francs. Europe's biggest bank by assets ``likely'' sold its 25 billion francs ($24 billion) prime Alt-A portfolio in a ``fire sale,'' JPMorgan said as it lifted its ``credit-crisis'' writedown estimate for the bank to 18.5 billion francs.

 

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Bernanke Urges Banks to Forgive Portion of Mortgages

(Bloomberg) -- Federal Reserve Chairman Ben S. Bernanke, battling the worst housing recession in a quarter century, urged lenders to forgive portions of mortgages for more borrowers whose home values have declined.

``Efforts by both government and private-sector entities to reduce unnecessary foreclosures are helping, but more can, and should, be done,'' Bernanke said in a speech in Orlando, Florida today. ``Principal reductions that restore some equity for the homeowner may be a relatively more effective means of avoiding delinquency and foreclosure.''

Bernanke's call goes beyond the stance of the Bush administration and previous Fed comments. By comparison, the central bank's Feb. 27 report to Congress called for lenders to ``pursue prudent loan workouts'' through means such as modifying mortgage terms and deferring payments.

``Delinquencies and foreclosures likely will continue to rise for a while longer,'' Bernanke said in the comments to the Independent Community Bankers of America. ``Supply-demand imbalances in many housing markets suggest that some further declines in house prices are likely.''

Subprime borrowers are about to see their mortgage rates increase more than 1 percentage point, he said. ``Declines in short-term interest rates and initiatives involving rate freezes will reduce the impact somewhat, but interest-rate resets will nevertheless impose stress on many households.''

`Vigorous Response'

In the past, homeowners could refinance, though that option is now ``largely'' gone because sales of bonds backed by subprime mortgages ``have virtually halted,'' Bernanke said. ``This situation calls for a vigorous response.''

Bernanke didn't comment in his speech text on the outlook for the economy or interest rates. Traders expect the Federal Open Market Committee to lower the benchmark rate by 0.75 percentage point by or at the panel's next meeting on March 18, based on futures prices.

Bernanke signaled in congressional testimony last week that the Fed is prepared to lower rates again even amid signs of accelerating inflation.

Yesterday, the Fed and other regulators sent letters to institutions they supervise, encouraging the banks to report on their efforts to modify mortgages at risk of default.

``This will make it easier for regulators, the mortgage industry, lawmakers and homeowners to assess the effectiveness of these efforts,'' Fed Governor Randall Kroszner said in a statement yesterday.

Foreclosures Climb

The number of U.S. homeowners entering foreclosure rose 75 percent in 2007, with more than 1 percent in some stage of foreclosure during the year, according to RealtyTrac Inc. of Irvine, California. For the year, more than 2.2 million default notices, auction notices and bank repossessions were reported on about 1.3 million properties.

``Lenders tell us that they are reluctant to write down principal,'' Bernanke said. ``They say that if they were to write down the principal and house prices were to fall further, they could feel pressured to write down principal again.''

The Fed chairman countered that by reducing the amount of the loan, this ``may increase the expected payoff by reducing the risk of default and foreclosure.''

Bernanke spoke in a state that's among the worst affected by the housing collapse. Miami home prices have dropped 17.5 percent in the past year, the most of 20 large U.S. cities, according to the S&P/Case-Shiller index. Foreclosures in Florida jumped at more than double the nationwide pace, rising 158 percent in the past year, according to RealtyTrac.

 

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Porsche Profit Rises on Cayenne SUV, Volkswagen Stake

(Bloomberg) -- Porsche SE, maker of the 911 sports car, said first-half profit jumped 44 percent as a revamped Cayenne sport-utility vehicle won buyers and the company added to its stake in Volkswagen AG.

Net income in the six months ended Jan. 31 rose to 1.3 billion euros ($1.97 billion) from 897 million euros a year earlier, the Stuttgart, Germany-based company said in a statement today. Pretax profit increased 24 percent to 1.66 billion euros.

Porsche doubled first-half sales of the Cayenne to 20,340 SUVs, boosting overall deliveries 19 percent, even as demand for the 911 and the Boxster roadster waned. The company has been raising its stake in Volkswagen, Europe's biggest carmaker, since buying a holding in September 2005. Porsche said yesterday that it plans to own a stake exceeding 50 percent.

First-half revenue increased 14 percent to 3.49 billion euros, Porsche said today, reiterating figures announced in January. Earnings figures were adjusted to take account of the effects of the expanding stake in Volkswagen as well as by hedging transactions related to the stock purchases, it said.

While Porsche has cut U.S. inventories to prepare for a possible economic slowdown, three new models and demand from emerging markets should spur sales in the financial year ending July 31 and produce a result prompting ``tears of joy,'' Wiedeking told investors Jan. 25.

 

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Electronic Arts bids for Take-Two

(Reuters) - Video game giant Electronic Arts on Sunday said it had made an unsolicited $1.9 billion offer for "Grand Theft Auto" publisher Take-Two Interactive Software, escalating its battle with Activision for the title of biggest video game maker.

Electronic Arts said it had pursued the deal privately since December, and Take-Two on Sunday immediately rejected the offer, a 50 percent premium to its Friday close, and accused EA of trying to scoop up a company in turnaround with an "inadequate" bid just before the publication of its next hit.

The $26-per-share all-cash bid is Electronic Arts' answer to Activision Inc's $18 billion acquisition of the gaming unit of French media and telecoms giant Vivendi. That combination, announced last November, is set to challenge EA's long-standing industry dominance.

Electronic Arts, publisher of blockbuster games like "Madden" and "Need for Speed," would become the largest sports game maker by far if it buys Take Two.

The offer follows months of speculation that Take-Two would be acquired by a major games publisher or media firm, with News Corp and Viacom often mentioned as possible suitors as they eye the fast-growing video game industry.

Take-Two said the offer valued it at a "significant discount" to peers. EA's offer would be about 18 times its expected fiscal 2008 earnings, while France's Ubisoft trades at 34 times expected earnings in the year ending March 2009 and Activision, with a similar year, trades at 24 times.

Take-Two Chairman Strauss Zelnick, who helped oust former management last March after it was laid low by accounting scandals and controversy over its games, said he hadn't ruled out a potential deal.

 

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Auction-Rate Bonds Force `Predatory' Yields on Cities

(Bloomberg) -- U.S. municipal borrowers from Camden, New Jersey, to Sacramento, California, may face a third week of higher interest costs as failures in the auction-rate bond market persist.

Auctions run by banks to determine the rate on more than $45 billion of bonds didn't attract enough buyers last week, according to JPMorgan Chase & Co. research. Even some successful auctions resulted in rates that were twice what borrowers paid in January, as investors who submitted bids demanded higher yields.

``The market right now is very predatory,'' said Marcia Maurer, chief financial officer of the Sacramento Regional County Sanitation District. The agency's weekly expense on $250 million of debt more than doubled to $343,000 from last month.

Investors enticed by rates that jumped as high as 20 percent are seeking opportunities in the $330 billion market no longer supported by dealers from Goldman Sachs Group Inc. to Citigroup Inc. and UBS AG that for years committed their capital to prevent failures. Thousands of unsuccessful auctions have driven up taxpayers' borrowing costs and left investors in the securities unable to get their money.

``Aggressive institutional investors have moved in to pick up auction-rate issues at short-term rates ranging from 5 percent to as much as 15 percent or more,'' George Friedlander, a municipal strategist at Citigroup in New York, said in a report at the end of last week.

Failure Rate

Four of the biggest agents that collect orders from bond dealers and determine winning rates reported failures on 258, or 67 percent, of 386 auctions Feb 22. That's in line with the average since Feb. 15, according to data compiled by Bank of America Corp. and Bloomberg.

Auction bonds, created in 1984, had until recent months allowed municipalities, hospitals, student lenders and funds to borrow long-term at money-market costs by adjusting interest rates through bidding every seven, 28 or 35 days.

When an auction fails, the rate reverts to a ``maximum'' specified in bond documents, or one pegged to money-market benchmarks. Holders of the bonds are stuck with the securities until a later auction attracts enough demand.

Hedge funds and other non-traditional investors showed ``strong interest'' last week in tax-exempt deals with high rates, Alex Roever, a JPMorgan fixed-income analyst, said in an e-mail. The average rate for seven-day municipal auction bonds rose to a record 6.59 percent on Feb. 13 from 4.03 percent the previous week, according to a Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association index.

Closed-End Funds

Many of last week's failures occurred at auctions of debt issued by closed-end funds with penalty rates ranging from 3 percent to 6 percent, data compiled by Deutsche Bank AG, Bank of New York Mellon Corp., Wells Fargo & Co. and Wilmington Trust Corp. show. Closed-end funds have about $60 billion in auction securities outstanding. Municipalities have $166 billion.

The auction-rate market began unraveling late last year as investor confidence in the health of bond insurers backing many of the securities waned. A bank bailout of New York-based Ambac Financial Group Inc. might come as soon as this week, according to a person familiar with rescue talks.

The collapse accelerated as banks including Citigroup and UBS, which have taken losses of about $162 billion from securities related to the collapse of subprime mortgages, grew unwilling to commit capital to support the auctions.

 

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